Under normal operating conditions, the oil temperature in a hydraulic system should be controlled between 30°C and 60°C, with a maximum not exceeding 80°C. The optimal working temperature is 40±2°C. However, during actual use, hydraulic systems often experience excessively high oil temperatures, which can affect the normal operation of equipment and even cause equipment failure.

Reduced Viscosity of Hydraulic Oil: When the viscosity of the hydraulic oil decreases, internal leakage within components and systems increases, significantly reducing the efficiency of the entire system (especially the volumetric efficiency of the pump). Lower viscosity results in a thinner oil film, reducing lubrication and increasing component wear.

Increased Internal Leakage: With reduced viscosity, the amount of internal leakage increases. The hydraulic cylinder piston may move inconsistently, affecting the quality of its operation. Motors may exhibit crawling behavior during low-speed operation, leading to discontinuous work.

Thinner Lubricating Oil Film: As oil temperature rises and viscosity decreases, the lubricating oil film between relatively moving surfaces becomes thinner, increasing mechanical wear. This is particularly problematic when the oil is not clean, as it can lead to faults.

Thermal Deformation of Mechanical Components: Higher oil temperatures cause thermal deformation in mechanical components. Hydraulic valve components expand when heated, reducing clearance and affecting valve spool movement, increasing wear, and potentially causing jamming.

Accelerated Oil Oxidation: Elevated oil temperatures speed up oil oxidation, leading to oil degradation and reduced oil life. Precipitates such as asphaltene in the oil can clog small holes and gaps in components, affecting the normal operation of the system.

Rapid Aging of Rubber Seals: Excessive oil temperatures cause rubber sealing devices to age and deteriorate quickly, losing their sealing performance and accelerating the leakage of hydraulic components.

1. Analysis of the reasons for high oil temperature· XIRO (xiromachinery.com)

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