The four-column hydraulic press is a type of mechanical equipment that uses the static pressure of hydraulic oil delivered by an oil pump to process metal, plastic, rubber, wood, powder and other products. Its principle is based on Pascal's law, utilizing liquid pressure transmission mechanisms, with many different varieties.

It is commonly used in pressing processes and forming processes, such as forging, stamping, cold extrusion, straightening, bending, flanging, deep drawing of thin sheets, powder metallurgy, press fitting, etc.

The four-column hydraulic press is composed of the main machine, electrical control mechanism, and hydraulic system. The main machine includes the body, main cylinder, ejector cylinder, and filling device; the power mechanism consists of an oil tank, high-pressure pump, low-pressure control system, motor, various pressure valves, and directional valves; the electrical device follows the action program specified by the hydraulic system, selects the specified working mode, and under the signal command, completes the specified process action cycle; the power mechanism, under the control of the electrical device, through pumps, cylinders, and various hydraulic valves, achieves energy conversion, regulation, and transmission, completing various process action cycles.

The four-column hydraulic press has independent power mechanisms and electrical systems, with centralized button controls, capable of adjusting, manual, and semi-automatic operation modes. The working pressure, pressing speed, idle rapid descent, and slow ascent can all be adjusted according to process requirements, and can complete ejector processes, non-ejector processes, and stretching processes.

Operation steps and requirements

Qualifications and requirements of the operator

1. The operator should be familiar with the performance, structure, process principles, and control system operation methods of the equipment. Only after passing training and assessment can the operator start working.
2. The operator should wear work clothes, safety helmets and protective gloves. Female workers with long hair should tie it up under their hat and must not wear skirts, slippers, or high heels to work.

Preparation before operation

1. Before turning on and off the machine, all buttons of the electronic control system must be placed in their original positions. Check whether the operation handles (buttons) and the connecting parts are securely fastened and reliable, if there are any obstacles or if the safety devices are intact in all moving parts and on the table.
2. Check if all lubrication points and oiling points are adequately lubricated; check if the electronic control system is in good condition, if the grounding is proper; all the fastening connections should not be loose, and the limit devices and safety protection devices should be complete; and ensure that all lubricating parts are fully lubricated.
3. Choose appropriate equipment process parameters (specifically according to the product process card) and set them according to the processing drawings.

Key steps and precautions in the operation:

1. Before starting work, run the machine for 10 minutes to check if all buttons, switches, valves, limit devices, etc. are flexible and reliable, and confirm that the hydraulic system pressure is normal with no obstruction or overheating. Only after the slider moves flexibly can you start working.
2. Only after the empty load test is normal can the load test be carried out. The machine must be in good lubrication conditions to enter normal operation.
3. Close the main motor, adjust the spatial position between the upper slider and the worktable according to the width and thickness of the workpiece, insert the head of the workpiece into the working position, start the left and right lifting motors, adjust the position of the lifting motor correctly according to the deformation of the workpiece, start the main motor, run the upper slider, and press the correction point of the workpiece to correct the flange. The correction point is determined according to the angle measuring ruler and visual experience.
4. The amount of pressure applied to different metals and different thicknesses of sheet metal should not be the same. When calibrating different metal sheet materials, the pressure amount adjustment should be adjusted each time, which can be read from the steel tape measure.
5. For sheet metal of different thicknesses, adjust to the appropriate gap before leveling the sheet metal. During the leveling process, it is not allowed to rotate the pressure motor to press down the sheet metal. The distance from the front end of the hand to the slider must not be less than 300 millimeters.
6. When the equipment is working, no one can stand on one side of the workpiece exit; during multi-person operation, follow the instructions of one person. When flipping the workpiece or moving it back and forth, operators on both sides must communicate closely to ensure consistent pacing.
7. The working system and operating system should be flexible, accurate, and reliable, and the slider should not swing.
8. The working mechanism and operating mechanism of the machine should coordinate with each other, operate flexibly, and have no abnormal noise or jamming.
9. During use, regularly check the oil supply of each lubrication point to ensure that each lubrication point is adequately supplied.
10. Clean all debris on the workbench and grind the weld seams on the workpiece that may come into contact with the slider and worktable.
11. Absolutely do not start the pressure lifting device during operation.
12. If abnormal noise, impact, vibration, or obstruction are found, stop the machine immediately for inspection. Resume normal operation only after the anomaly is eliminated.
13. Concentrate during work and always pay attention to the operation of the equipment (observe, watch, listen).

Prohibited behaviors in operation:

1. Prohibit overloading or exceeding performance.
2. When the equipment is working normally, do not start the lifting motor.

Emergency response to accidents during operation:

1. If abnormal noise, impact, or swinging are found during operation, the machine must be stopped immediately for inspection. Only after the fault is eliminated can work continue.
2. It is prohibited to use the oil cylinder beyond its stroke, and any shaking during pressurization or depressurization is prohibited.
3. If the oil cylinder piston shakes or the oil pump emits sharp noises, gas should be released.
4. Do not adjust the regulating valve or pressure gauge randomly, and the pressure gauge should be calibrated regularly.
5. Maintain the oil quality of the hydraulic oil, and the working oil temperature should not exceed 45°C. If any abnormalities occur, stop the machine immediately.

Ending work and resetting the operation:

1. Cut off the power after work is completed.
2. Clean the equipment and the environment daily.
3. Stacked the processed products neatly.

Equipment maintenance:

1. Ensure that the equipment is well lubricated at all times; replace all wearing parts in a timely manner if they are excessively worn or no longer meet the original performance requirements. Damaged parts should be repaired promptly.
2. The equipment should be properly grounded, and all electrical components should be regularly inspected, cleaned, and damaged or faulty components should be replaced promptly.
3. Keep handover records, daily equipment inspection records, and maintenance records.

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